科尔沁沙地持续放牧和不同强度放牧后封育草场中生物结皮生物量和土壤因子的变化   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

徐杰  宁远英 《中国沙漠》2010,30(4):824-830

通过对科尔沁沙地放牧后封育样地和放牧样地生物结皮生物量的研究,探讨了不同样地生物结皮生物量的变化规律及其与环境因子的相互关系。结果表明,封育样地藓类和藻类植物的生物量显著高于放牧样地;在封育样地内,轻度、中度放牧封育区显著高于重度放牧封育区（P＜0.05）。封育样地生物结皮的土壤微生物量碳、氮含量高于放牧样地,并且各样区藓结皮土壤微生物量碳、氮含量显著高于藻结皮（P＜0.05）。在封育样地内表现为轻度、中度放牧封育区土壤微生物量碳、氮含量较高,重度放牧封育区含量较低,体现出不同强度放牧封育停牧后对土壤微生物量碳、氮影响的滞后效应。藻类植物的生物量与结皮厚度、有机质含量和粉黏粒呈极显著正相关（P＜0.01）,与细沙呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）,与粗沙呈极显著负相关（P＜0.01）。藓类植物的生物量与结皮厚度、有机质含量、粉黏粒呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）,与粗沙呈负相关,但不显著。藻类植物的生物量与土壤因子之间的相关性更为密切。  相似文献   

内蒙古中部MODIS植被动态监测分析   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

王军邦  陶健  李贵才  庄大方 《地球信息科学学报》2010,12(6):835-842

对中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)250m空间分辨率的每8天NDVI卫星遥感数据,利用年平均NDVI及一元线性回归方法,分析了2000-2008年内蒙古中部地区植被变化趋势。结果表明,近9年内蒙古中部地区79.60%地区的植被总体上保持稳定,17.33%的地区得到了明显改善,3.06%的地区仍存在较强的退化或沙化趋势。退化或沙化地区主要分布在内蒙古农牧交错带北部边缘,成条带状分布,反映了农牧交错带地区生态仍然较为脆弱,需要进一步关注和保护,东南部地区的植被恢复明显。植被年际动态主要受该地区暖干化气候影响,气候变暖造成植被NDVI增加,而降水波动导致NDVI随之变化,降水的作用是气温的2.8倍,有些地区可达到11倍之多。  相似文献   

羌塘沱沱河地区多才玛二长岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学及岩石地球化学   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

晁温馨  李碧乐  杨文龙  彭勃  宁传奇  高雄伟 《世界地质》2017,36(3):691-700

对青海省羌塘地块东北缘沱沱河多才玛铅锌矿区二长岩进行了系统的锆石U-Pb年龄和地球化学研究。结果表明二长岩属于钙碱性-高钾钙碱性,准铝质岩石,具有较高的Na_2O和较低的K_2O、MgO。样品的高Rb/Sr比值(0.21~0.47)、低Nb/Ta比值(13.25~14.02)和低Mg#值等特征显示二长岩岩浆来源于地壳。样品富集轻稀土元素(LREE)、大离子亲石元素(LILE)(Rb,Ba,K,Sr),以及活泼的不相容元素(Th、U),同时亏损高场强元素(HFSE)(Nb、Ta、P、Ti),与弧火山岩特征相似。二长岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年结果为(65.8±1.1)Ma,显示其形成于晚白垩世—早古新世。结合区域地质背景,推测多才玛二长岩形成于特提斯大洋板块的后期深俯冲阶段。  相似文献   

Application of bioremediation in oil contaminated soil          下载免费PDF全文

ZHANG Sheng  ZHANG Cui-yun  HE Ze  CHEN Li  YIN Mi-ying  NING Zhuo  SUN Zhen-hua  ZHEN Shi-jun  ZHANG Fa-wang 《地下水科学与工程》2017,5(2):116-123

The long-term oil exploitation in oil fields has led to pollution of surrounding soil, creating a serious ecological problem. In order to promote and improve the application of microbial remediation in oil contaminated soil, experiment is carried out in polluted area in Zhongyuan Oilfield. In the experiment, indigenous microorganisms and other physical and chemical methods are employed, ryegrass is grown, and environmental factors in soil are regulated to degrade the oil and treat the polluted soil. Results show that when the average oil content in the soil is about 523.08 mg/kg, 65 days’ remediation through plants and microorganisms could help bring the oil content down to 74.61 mg/kg, achieving a degradation rate of 85.74%; through salinity treatment, salt content in soil is reduced by 62.93-82.03% to 399-823 mg/kg from previous 2.22 g/kg. Through this experiment, the bioremediation method is improved and its effectiveness and feasibility are testified. The result has been applied in Zhongyuan Oilfield and has brought fair ecological and economic benefits, providing technical support to the treatment of contaminated soil of the same kind, and offering some insights to the treatment of soil contaminated by other organic pollutants.  相似文献   

桑沟湾磷循环     

徐文琦  李瑞环  刘素美  宁志铭  蒋增杰 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(1):90-100

The phosphorus cycle is studied during 2013–2014 in the Sanggou Bay(SGB), which is a typical aquaculture area in northern China. The forms of measured phosphorus include dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP), dissolved organic phosphorus(DOP), particulate inorganic phosphorus(PIP), and particulate organic phosphorus(POP).DIP and PIP are the major forms of total dissolved phosphorus(TDP) and total particulate phosphorus(TPP),representing 51%–75% and 53%–80%, respectively. The concentrations and distributions of phosphorus forms vary among seasons relative to aquaculture cycles, fluvial input, and hydrodynamic conditions. In autumn the concentration of DIP is significantly higher than in other seasons(P0.01), and higher concentrations are found in the west of the bay. In winter and spring the phosphorus concentrations are higher in the east of the bay than in the west. In summer, the distributions of phosphorus forms are uniform. A preliminary phosphorus budget is developed, and shows that SGB is a net sink of phosphorus. A total of 1.80×10~7 mol/a phosphorus is transported into the bay. The Yellow Sea is the major source of net input of phosphorus(61%), followed by submarine groundwater discharge(SGD)(27%), river input(11%), and atmospheric deposition(1%). The main phosphorus sink is the harvest of seaweeds(Saccharina japonica and Gracilaria lemaneiformis), bivalves(Chlamys farreri),and oysters(Crassostrea gigas), accounting for a total of 1.12×10~7 mol/a. Burial of phosphorus in sediment is another important sink, accounting for 7.00×10~6 mol/a. Biodeposition by bivalves is the major source of phosphorus in sediment, accounting for 54% of the total.  相似文献   

海洋环境治理中政府、企业与公众定位分析          下载免费PDF全文

宁凌  毛海玲 《海洋开发与管理》2017,34(4):13-20

中国海洋环境管理实践正经历着从"管理"到"治理"的变革,为海洋环境的可持续发展提供有益思路。文章从界定海洋环境治理相关概念入手,系统梳理海洋环境治理过程中政府、企业、公众三者角色定位的研究成果;从海洋环境治理的概念和理论支撑、企业与公众的参与互动和研究方法多样化3个方面进行了扩展研究,对海洋环境治理相关实践具有重要的启示和借鉴意义。  相似文献   

创新要素对广东省海洋经济发展的驱动研究          下载免费PDF全文

李乐  宁凌 《海洋开发与管理》2017,34(7):107-111

广东省作为海洋经济大省,第二产业、第三产业占海洋经济生产总值比重较大,雄厚的产业基础为其提升创新能力及发展海洋新兴产业提供有利条件。创新要素作为新兴产业发展的重要驱动,是"十三五"期间重点发展理念,也是新常态下海洋产业结构优化升级的重要变量。文章通过分析研究广东省创新要素发展现状的基础上,利用Eviews8.0软件对广东省海洋经济生产总值与创新要素之间的关系进行回归分析,进一步揭示创新要素对广东省海洋经济发展的驱动程度,并结合研究结果提出相应建议。  相似文献   

海洋站“一站多能”建设的浅析与思考          下载免费PDF全文

姜军成  宁璇璇  杨曰防  孙高鹏  顾吉星 《海洋开发与管理》2017,34(Z2):119-124

党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视生态文明建设,将其纳入“五位一体”的总体布局中,把生态文明建设上升到国家意志。国家海洋局顺应时代潮流,运用战略思维,对全国海洋管理工作做出长远规划,海洋站“一站多能”作为管理工作的技术支撑作用愈显重要。文章介绍了海洋站“一站多能”提出的背景及内涵,并运用马克思主义哲学方法论,分析了“一站多能”建设过程中存在的主要问题及产生的原因,进而有针对性地提出了相应的对策建议,为“一站多能”建设工作提供参考。  相似文献   

Probabilistic Durability Assessment of Concrete Structures in Marine Environments: Reliability and Sensitivity Analysis   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

YU Bo  NING Chao-lie  LI Bing 《海洋工程》2017,31(1):63-73

A probabilistic framework for durability assessment of concrete structures in marine environments was proposed in terms of reliability and sensitivity analysis, which takes into account the uncertainties under the environmental, material, structural and executional conditions. A time-dependent probabilistic model of chloride ingress was established first to consider the variations in various governing parameters, such as the chloride concentration, chloride diffusion coefficient, and age factor. Then the Nataf transformation was adopted to transform the non-normal random variables from the original physical space into the independent standard Normal space. After that the durability limit state function and its gradient vector with respect to the original physical parameters were derived analytically, based on which the first-order reliability method was adopted to analyze the time-dependent reliability and parametric sensitivity of concrete structures in marine environments. The accuracy of the proposed method was verified by comparing with the second-order reliability method and the Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, the influences of environmental conditions, material properties, structural parameters and execution conditions on the time-dependent reliability of concrete structures in marine environments were also investigated. The proposed probabilistic framework can be implemented in the decision-making algorithm for the maintenance and repair of deteriorating concrete structures in marine environments.  相似文献   

阿尔泰东南缘泥盆纪花岗质岩石的锆石U-Pb年龄、成因演化及构造意义：钙碱性-高钾钙碱性-碱性岩浆演化新证据   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

宋鹏  童英  王涛  秦切  张建军  宁东旭 《地质学报》2017,91(1):55-79

中国阿尔泰广泛发育的花岗质岩石已获得大量研究,但是其东南缘研究薄弱,制约了对整个阿尔泰造山带构造岩浆演化的认识。本文新获得阿尔泰东南缘四个花岗质岩体(昆格依特、库吉尔特、布铁乌及卡拉特玉别)锆石U-Pb年龄,分别为382±4Ma、381±4Ma、385±5Ma和363±6Ma。岩石学、地球化学特征等显示这些花岗质岩石具有高钾钙碱性、准铝质—弱过铝质的I型特点,全岩εNd(t)值为-2.42~-0.53,Nd模式年龄tDM为1.6~1.3Ga;锆石εHf(t)值为-3.44~+13.26,绝大多数为正值,锆石Hf二阶段模式年龄tDM-2为2.5~0.6Ga,表明源区物质组成复杂,有较多的新生幔源物质参与花岗质岩石的形成,并含有古老地壳成分。综合已有年龄分析显示,中国阿尔泰花岗质岩石的形成时代可分为480~440Ma(峰期460Ma)、420~390Ma(峰期400Ma)、390~370Ma(峰期380Ma)、370~360Ma(峰期365Ma)、360~350Ma。处于岩浆发育峰期的早泥盆世(420~390Ma)多为准铝-过铝质的钙碱性系列;中晚泥盆世(390~360Ma)多为准铝—弱过铝质的高钾钙碱性系列;370~360Ma为高钾钙碱性系列。该地区363Ma的高钾钙碱性花岗质岩石的确定,为进一步厘定整个阿尔泰泥盆纪花岗质岩浆由钙碱性(480~390Ma),到高钾钙碱性(390~360Ma),再到354Ma的布尔根碱性花岗岩的演变特点提供了新的证据,进一步揭示阿尔泰造山带该时期由俯冲增生演变到碰撞及后碰撞的演化过程。  相似文献